สถิติ
เปิดเมื่อ28/01/2015
อัพเดท19/06/2024
ผู้เข้าชม3448772
แสดงหน้า4241015
ปฎิทิน
November 2025
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
      
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
      
สมาชิก

สมัครสมาชิก | ลืมรหัสผ่าน

ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์

อ่าน 1359427 | ตอบ 10240
ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์ (อังกฤษ: tungsten carbide) มีสูตรเคมีคือ WC ในรูปพื้นฐานจะมีลักษณะเป็นผงสีเทาละเอียด มี 2 โครงสร้างคือแบบหกเหลี่ยม (α-WC) และแบบลูกบาศก์ (β-WC)
 
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์เตรียมได้จากการทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนกับคาร์บอนที่อุณหภูมิ 1400–2000 °C[3] หรือให้ความร้อนกับทังสเตนไตรออกไซด์และแกรไฟต์โดยตรงที่ 900 °C หรือในแก๊สไฮโดรเจนที่ 670 °C ตามด้วยการคาร์บิวไรเซชันในแก๊สอาร์กอนที่ 1000 °C[4] หรือใช้วิธีการเคลือบด้วยไอเคมี เช่น
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะคลอไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและมีเทนที่อุณหภูมิ 670 °C (1,238 °F)
 WCl6 + H2 + CH4 WC + 6 HCl
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะฟลูออไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและเมทานอลที่อุณหภูมิ 350 °C (662 °F)
                WF6 + 2 H2 + CH3OH → WC + 6 HF + H2O
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีจุดหลอมเหลวที่ 2,870 °C (5,200 °F) และจุดเดือดที่ 6,000 °C (10,830 °F) มีความแข็งระดับ 9 ตามมาตราโมสและประมาณ 2600 ตามมาตราวิกเคอส์[5] ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีความแข็งเกร็งมากกว่าเหล็กกล้าประมาณ 2 เท่า มีค่ามอดุลัสของยังประมาณ 530–700 GPa (77,000–102,000 ksi)[2][6][5][7] โมดูลัสของแรงบีบอัด 630–655 GPa และโมดูลัสของแรงเฉือน 274 GPa[8]
 
ด้วยคุณสมบัติความแข็งและทนความร้อนสูง ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์จึงใช้ทำเป็นเครื่องมือตัดหรือหัวเจาะ ใช้ทำกระสุนเจาะเกราะ เครื่องมือผ่าตัด อุปกรณ์กีฬา เครื่องประดับและอื่น ๆ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
อ้างอิง
 
  1. Kurlov, p. 22
  2. Blau, Peter J. (2003). Wear of Materials. Elsevier. p. 1345. ISBN 978-0-08-044301-0.
  3. Pierson, Hugh O. (1992). Handbook of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): Principles, Technology, and Applications. William Andrew Inc. ISBN 0-8155-1300-3.
  4. Zhong, Y.; Shaw, L. (2011). 'A study on the synthesis of nanostructured WC–10 wt% Co particles from WO3 , Co3O4 , and graphite'. Journal of Materials Science 46 (19): 6323–6331. Bibcode:2011JMatS..46.6323Z. doi:10.1007/s10853-010-4937-y.
  5. Groover, Mikell P. (2010). Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-470-46700-8.
  6. Kurlov, p. 3
  7. Cardarelli, François (2008). Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 640–. ISBN 978-1-84628-669-8.
  8. Kurlov, pp. 30, 135
  9. Sprince, NL.; Chamberlin, RI.; Hales, CA.; Weber, AL.; Kazemi, H. (1984). 'Respiratory disease in tungsten carbide production workers'. Chest 86 (4): 549–557. PMID 6434250. doi:10.1378/chest.86.4.549.
  10. 12th Report on Carcinogens'. National Toxicology Program. http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/roc12. เรียกข้อมูลเมื่อ 2011-06-24.
ความคิดเห็น :
10230
อ้างอิง

Troy
Though the antibacterial and antimicrobial properties of cinnamon are promising, more research in people and on Saigon cinnamon specifically are needed to raised perceive these effects. Improves taste. According to one study, adding Saigon cinnamon to foods might improve palatability. However, a very powerful thing is to choose the one which most accurately fits your way of life and preferences. For that reason, steel-lower or rolled oats could also be the only option to assist higher blood sugar management. So, it is all the time better to pair it properly to get pleasure from fish curry’s full benefits. So, what’s the deal with rice? Instead, you'll be able to prepare enriched white rice, a healthier white rice choice. Rice is the most commonly consumed cereal grain globally, and people devour white rice greater than brown rice. Brown rice is generally greater in fiber, vitamins, and minerals than white rice. Brown and wild rice are intact whole grains that comprise both the bran and the germ. Brown rice may contribute to weight administration and promote wholesome cholesterol levels. It may lower blood sugar ranges and has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antibacterial properties. Also referred to as Saigon cinnamon, that is type of cassia cinnamon could lower blood sugar levels and has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antibacterial properties.
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://rentry.co/72602-a-comprehensive-study-report-on-vitaseal-and-its-various-supplements
Troy [173.234.250.xxx] เมื่อ 18/11/2025 19:17
10231
อ้างอิง

Saul Davies
https://sites.google.com/view/techies--guardian/home
https://plaza.rakuten.co.jp/techiesguardian/
https://zcal.co/sauldavies44
https://myanimelist.net/profile/sauldavies44
https://teletype.in/@sauldavies44
https://answers.themler.io/questions/250281/welcome-to-techies-guardian
https://hackmd.vlsi.ict.e.titech.ac.jp/s/H14F2FYebg
https://streamelements.com/sauldavies44
https://adplist.org/members/saul-davies
https://tiltify.com/@sauldavies44/profile
https://www.silverstripe.org/ForumMemberProfile/show/282984
https://mastodon.world/@sauldavies44
https://docs.kongregate.com/discuss/691c1211e984badf6c93ab7c
https://docs.stackshare.io/discuss/691c12a3091a73a685a2bb6b
https://www.designspiration.com/sauldavies44/saves/
https://support.outgrow.co/discuss/691c1a0c091a73a685a5e1c8
https://album.link/techiesguardian
https://www.speedrun.com/users/sauldavies44
https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/users/20180641
https://scrapbox.io/techiesguardian/Techies_Guardian
https://slideslive.com/sauldavies44/
https://be.5ch.net/user/433672874
https://www.gta5-mods.com/users/sauldavies44
https://marshmallow-qa.com/3zzgsxbsgplinoe
https://www.foriio.com/sauldavies44
https://www.frontendmentor.io/profile/sauldavies44
https://app.parler.com/sauldavies44
https://network.crcna.org/user/211373/
https://battlelog.battlefield.com/bf4/user/sauldavies44/
https://subscribe.ru/author/32140928
https://www.openrec.tv/user/dx45mmirykwblaouvn74/about
https://www.playbook.com/profile/kTDvkSGa5JMNjQBwFbQaNHFV
https://www.apsense.com/user/sauldavies44
https://billionphotos.com/users/sauldavies44
https://unityroom.com/users/l4er0zftvnjw31b2qsg5
https://wallhaven.cc/user/sauldavies44
https://app.talkshoe.com/user/sauldavies44
https://kickofflabs.com/giveaway/techies-guardian
https://www.jetphotos.com/photographer/701501
https://freeicons.io/profile/856413
https://gamrconnect.vgchartz.com/profile/504576/sauldavies44/
https://www.linkcentre.com/profile/sauldavies44/
https://raffall.com/sauldavies44
https://www.imcas.com/en/profile/dr-saul-davies
https://swaay.com/u/sauldavies44/about/
https://www.qualitydigest.com/user/130389/
https://hahow.in/@691c4851299cacd0e865a143
https://routinehub.co/user/sauldavies44
https://www.sideprojectors.com/user/profile/201808/projects
https://promosimple.com/ps/4077a/techies-guardian
https://symbiota.mpm.edu/profile/userprofile.php?userid=44314
https://app.nft.nyc/profile/sauldavies44
https://kktix.com/user/8071942
https://spinninrecords.com/profile/sauldavies44/following/
https://www.chillsubs.com/profile/sauldavies44
https://projectnoah.org/users/sauldavies44
https://guides.co/a/saul-davies/personal-3322293/
https://kingschat.online/user/sauldavies44
https://smftricks.com/index.php?action=profile;area=summary;u=15029
https://www.photocrowd.com/photographer-community/553347/
https://glasp.co/sauldavies44
https://ieee-dataport.org/authors/saul-davies
https://listen.hubhopper.com/podcast/techies-guardian/473141
https://illust.daysneo.com/illustrator/sauldavies44/
https://prismo.fedibird.com/@sauldavies44
https://gitflic.ru/user/sauldavies44
https://webanketa.com/forms/6mt3cd1r6rqkcrv6ccr3edhg/
https://bulkwp.com/support-forums/users/sauldavies44/
https://hype.co/@sauldavies44
https://makeprojects.com/profile/sauldavies44
https://docs.gifs.com/discuss/691c61d59998f32695c63299
https://amazingradio.com/profile/sauldavies44
https://md.entropia.de/s/erx0ALbP6
https://site-y3jt2sv4m.godaddysites.com/
https://gitea.com/sauldavies44
https://forum.index.hu/User/UserDescription?u=2152500
https://mstdn.social/@sauldavies44
https://sharing.clickup.com/90161327952/t/h/86d0v4gpd/9ECC54GS66M8UJ7
https://3dwarehouse.sketchup.com/by/sauldavies44
https://app.scholasticahq.com/scholars/471117-saul-davies
https://codesandbox.io/u/sauldavies44
https://qiita.com/sauldavies44
https://topmate.io/sauldavies44
https://www.couchsurfing.com/people/saul-davies-1
https://www.producthunt.com/@sauldavies44
https://www.wantedly.com/id/sauldavies44
https://www.zeczec.com/users/sauldavies44
https://connect.garmin.com/modern/profile/267ff0b7-d057-43f3-9481-915863f63795
https://gettr.com/user/e175130740948660224
https://github.com/sauldavies44
https://hackmd.io/@LZZ4xi3yRT-v8pxQ3wZSvQ/techiesguardian
https://in.pinterest.com/sauldavies44/_profile/
https://paizo.com/people/sauldavies44
https://myspace.com/sauldavies44
https://profamarun.wixsite.com/njqyvq/profile/sauldavies4461511/profile
https://www.twitch.tv/sauldavies44/about
https://ok.ru/profile/910253756592/statuses
https://www.mixcloud.com/sauldavies44/
https://sauldavies.gumroad.com/l/techiesguardian
https://www.pubpub.org/user/saul-davies
https://velog.io/@sauldavies44/about
https://www.lexaloffle.com/bbs/?uid=134720
 
Saul Davies [152.59.204.xxx] เมื่อ 18/11/2025 20:07
10232
อ้างอิง

Rosalina
whoah this weblog is great i love studying your articles. Stay up the great work! You know, a lot of individuals are searching around for this info, you could help them greatly.
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : http://www.isexsex.com/space-uid-3046286.html
Rosalina [195.216.159.xxx] เมื่อ 19/11/2025 00:46
10233
อ้างอิง

Marita
If you are going for finest contents like me, just pay a quick visit this website daily as it provides feature contents, thanks
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : http://buy-backlinks.rozblog.com/
Marita [198.154.80.xxx] เมื่อ 19/11/2025 09:24
10234
อ้างอิง

Aqueouss
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://aqueouss.in/
Aqueouss [106.219.163.xxx] เมื่อ 19/11/2025 13:35
10235
อ้างอิง

Aqueouss
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://aqueouss.in/
Aqueouss [106.219.163.xxx] เมื่อ 19/11/2025 13:46
10236
อ้างอิง

Analisa
Hello, all is going fine here and ofcourse every one is sharing information, that's truly excellent, keep up writing.
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://okchoi88.space/
Analisa [103.69.96.xxx] เมื่อ 19/11/2025 15:13
10237
อ้างอิง

Mohali Call Girl

Are you in Mohali and finding very fabulous and beautiful sexy Call Girls in Mohali Escorts for erotic fun and thirllness. At very resonable cost or low price which is 2999 you can hire our call girls. This is genuine and real low rates any time you can call us we give you free home delivery within 25 minute. All payment method accepted like cash, online, card and much more. Now you are in the right place Mohali is a very beautiful place and various folks come here to enjoy this place and explore new things. So we are providing you, genuine call girls and hot babes. We all know your satisfaction is our priority and that's why we are the #No.1 call girls agency in Mohali. You can book your hottest female companions. They are very charming and high-class ladies and they are ready to give you genuine service and sexual fun. Book your appointment & hire our escorts in Mohali. We will provide you with 100% pay attention to our clients. If you want to experience something new and thrill then you can hire these horny Call Girls in Mohali. These girls have so many skills to make you happy and sexier. So just call us Mohali Escort Service.

 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://mohali.nikgirl.in/
Mohali Call Girl [103.48.197.xxx] เมื่อ 19/11/2025 17:03
10238
อ้างอิง

Greater Noida Escorts
Book a trusted and Independent Escort Call girl in Greater Noida for social outings, corporate events, and travel company. Enjoy safe, confidential, and professional companionship services available with smooth and secure booking.
 

<a href='https://missroshni.in/'>Noida Call Girls</a>

 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://missroshni.in/
Greater Noida Escorts [103.211.53.xxx] เมื่อ 19/11/2025 17:06
10239
อ้างอิง

Zeke Davies
https://sites.google.com/view/technology-times-now/home
https://plaza.rakuten.co.jp/zekedavies8/
https://zcal.co/zekedavies8
https://myanimelist.net/profile/zekedavies8
https://teletype.in/@zekedavies8
https://answers.themler.io/questions/250369/welcome-to-technology-times-now
https://forum.index.hu/User/UserDescription?u=2157754
https://hackmd.vlsi.ict.e.titech.ac.jp/s/rkKfGA5x-e
https://streamelements.com/zekedavies8
https://mastodon.world/@zekedavies8
https://tiltify.com/@zekedavies8/profile
https://adplist.org/members/zeke-davies
https://docs.kongregate.com/discuss/691d53e27a9cf0ad9d697de9
https://www.silverstripe.org/ForumMemberProfile/show/283275
https://docs.stackshare.io/discuss/691d559090382856b6c6b3d5
https://www.designspiration.com/zekedavies8/saves/
https://support.outgrow.co/discuss/691d57f96a4ea73e23df8958
https://album.link/technologytimesnow
https://scrapbox.io/technologytimesnow/Technology_Times_Now
https://www.speedrun.com/users/zekedavies8
https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/users/20180656
https://www.developpez.com/user/profil/1857128/zekedavies8
https://velog.io/@zekedavies8/series
https://be.5ch.net/user/297271458
https://slideslive.com/zekedavies8/
https://www.foriio.com/zekedavies8
https://www.gta5-mods.com/users/zekedavies8
https://marshmallow-qa.com/jt2w97j9rysxr4g
https://www.frontendmentor.io/profile/zekedavies8
https://app.parler.com/zekedavies8
https://battlelog.battlefield.com/bf4/user/zekedavies8/
https://network.crcna.org/user/211402/
https://subscribe.ru/author/32141806
https://www.apsense.com/user/zekedavies8
https://www.openrec.tv/user/wf3borgpujovaxox3yzd/about
https://billionphotos.com/users/zekedavies8
https://www.playbook.com/profile/AXfES6oD5CmKTogvnv48yHWB
https://unityroom.com/users/7mhib0zgcu4v5plsowa3
https://wallhaven.cc/user/zekedavies8
https://app.talkshoe.com/user/zekedavies8
https://swaay.com/u/zekedavies8/about/
https://www.qualitydigest.com/user/130407
https://raffall.com/zekedavies8
https://www.linkcentre.com/profile/zekedavies8/
https://www.jetphotos.com/photographer/702975
https://freeicons.io/profile/856832
https://www.imcas.com/en/profile/zeke-davies
https://www.sideprojectors.com/user/profile/201926/projects
https://hahow.in/@691d75b9fa5ca5214c465212
https://symbiota.mpm.edu/profile/userprofile.php?userid=44371
https://routinehub.co/user/zekedavies8
https://promosimple.com/ps/4086c/technology-times-now
https://app.nft.nyc/profile/zekedavies8
https://spinninrecords.com/profile/zekedavies8/following/
https://kktix.com/user/8081970
https://guides.co/a/zeke-davies/personal-882578/
https://www.chillsubs.com/profile/zekedavies8
https://smftricks.com/index.php?action=profile;area=summary;u=15030
https://projectnoah.org/users/zekedavies8
https://kingschat.online/user/zekedavies8
https://prismo.fedibird.com/@zekedavies8
https://glasp.co/zekedavies8
https://www.photocrowd.com/photographer-community/553455/
https://ieee-dataport.org/authors/zeke-davies
https://listen.hubhopper.com/podcast/technology-times-now/473213
https://illust.daysneo.com/illustrator/zekedavies8/
https://bulkwp.com/support-forums/users/zekedavies8/
https://webanketa.com/forms/6mt3cdsh6wqp4db6c4sk2s36/
https://gitflic.ru/user/zekedavies8
https://makeprojects.com/profile/zekedavies8
https://topsitenet.com/profile/zekedavies8/1502599/
https://hype.co/@zekedavies8
https://amazingradio.com/profile/zekedavies8
https://md.entropia.de/s/pomUOMLuQ
https://bresdel.com/zekedavies8
https://eggs.mu/artist/zekedavies8
https://www.producthunt.com/@zekedavies8
https://pad.flipdot.org/s/2ExusdAJ-
https://md.un-hack-bar.de/s/Jtt8glcSVu
https://www.cureus.com/users/1159734-zeke-davies
https://www.couchsurfing.com/people/zeke-davies
https://www.canonvannederland.nl/en/page/427218/technology-times-now
https://www.bishopartsdistrict.com/profile/zekedavies838458/profile
https://worldvectorlogo.com/ja/profile/zekedavies8
https://topmate.io/zekedavies8
https://apify.com/zekedavies8
https://www.hogwartsishere.com/1772848/
https://www.divephotoguide.com/user/zekedavies8
https://technology-times-now.onepage.website/
https://technology-times-now.gitbook.io/technology-times-now-docs/
https://www.zeczec.com/users/zekedavies8
https://www.start.gg/user/0c573265/details
https://forum.codeigniter.com/member.php?action=profile&uid=196567
https://forum.autobazar.eu/uzivatel2130768.html
https://estar.jp/users/1918720644
https://backloggd.com/u/zekedavies8/
https://savee.com/zekedavies81/
https://rapidapi.com/user/zekedavies8
https://panorama.solutions/en/user/zeke-davies
https://paizo.com/people/zekedavies8
https://paidforarticles.in/author/zekedavies8
https://www.socialbookmarkingwebsite.com/user/62sr9Kyef0uB
https://www.montessorijobsuk.co.uk/author/zekedavies8/
https://www.letsknowit.com/zeke44850
https://social.contadordeinscritos.xyz/zekedavies8
https://shor.by/technologytimesnow
https://hackmd.io/@m6mjhxKfT-Go2vB1fifmtA/technologytimesnow
https://gettr.com/user/e175527656711680000
https://bluegrasstoday.com/directories/dashboard/reviews/zekedavies8/
https://www.twitch.tv/zekedavies8/about
https://in.pinterest.com/zekedavies8/_profile/
https://ok.ru/profile/910295377818/statuses
https://myspace.com/zekedavies8
https://forums.filatelija.lv/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&u=58631
https://app.scholasticahq.com/scholars/472409-zeke-davies
https://profamarun.wixsite.com/njqyvq/profile/zekedavies86407/profile
https://connect.garmin.com/modern/profile/8a5f4807-a7ef-45e3-abc2-c64614880f86
https://weareindy.com/app/shared/forms/68e8d957773aaa099dcecf26/fPUSXUMHp6hDPes4fbUjYAwQqR1i2El7joZ…
https://substance3d.adobe.com/community-assets/profile/org.adobe.user:7357235068E4A1DF0A495F9D@Adob…
 
Zeke Davies [152.59.198.xxx] เมื่อ 19/11/2025 17:50
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779780781782783784785786787788789790791792793794795796797798799800801802803804805806807808809810811812813814815816817818819820821822823824825826827828829830831832833834835836837838839840841842843844845846847848849850851852853854855856857858859860861862863864865866867868869870871872873874875876877878879880881882883884885886887888889890891892893894895896897898899900901902903904905906907908909910911912913914915916917918919920921922923924925926927928929930931932933934935936937938939940941942943944945946947948949950951952953954955956957958959960961962963964965966967968969970971972973974975976977978979980981982983984985986987988989990991992993994995996997998999100010011002100310041005100610071008100910101011101210131014101510161017101810191020102110221023102410251026
ความคิดเห็นของผู้เข้าชม
ชื่อผู้แสดงความคิดเห็น :
สถานะ : รหัสผ่าน :
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง :
รหัสความปลอดภัย :