สถิติ
เปิดเมื่อ28/01/2015
อัพเดท10/11/2023
ผู้เข้าชม1698436
แสดงหน้า2157252
ปฎิทิน
April 2024
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
    
สมาชิก

สมัครสมาชิก | ลืมรหัสผ่าน

ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์

อ่าน 506152 | ตอบ 7774
ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์ (อังกฤษ: tungsten carbide) มีสูตรเคมีคือ WC ในรูปพื้นฐานจะมีลักษณะเป็นผงสีเทาละเอียด มี 2 โครงสร้างคือแบบหกเหลี่ยม (α-WC) และแบบลูกบาศก์ (β-WC)
 
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์เตรียมได้จากการทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนกับคาร์บอนที่อุณหภูมิ 1400–2000 °C[3] หรือให้ความร้อนกับทังสเตนไตรออกไซด์และแกรไฟต์โดยตรงที่ 900 °C หรือในแก๊สไฮโดรเจนที่ 670 °C ตามด้วยการคาร์บิวไรเซชันในแก๊สอาร์กอนที่ 1000 °C[4] หรือใช้วิธีการเคลือบด้วยไอเคมี เช่น
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะคลอไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและมีเทนที่อุณหภูมิ 670 °C (1,238 °F)
 WCl6 + H2 + CH4 WC + 6 HCl
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะฟลูออไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและเมทานอลที่อุณหภูมิ 350 °C (662 °F)
                WF6 + 2 H2 + CH3OH → WC + 6 HF + H2O
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีจุดหลอมเหลวที่ 2,870 °C (5,200 °F) และจุดเดือดที่ 6,000 °C (10,830 °F) มีความแข็งระดับ 9 ตามมาตราโมสและประมาณ 2600 ตามมาตราวิกเคอส์[5] ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีความแข็งเกร็งมากกว่าเหล็กกล้าประมาณ 2 เท่า มีค่ามอดุลัสของยังประมาณ 530–700 GPa (77,000–102,000 ksi)[2][6][5][7] โมดูลัสของแรงบีบอัด 630–655 GPa และโมดูลัสของแรงเฉือน 274 GPa[8]
 
ด้วยคุณสมบัติความแข็งและทนความร้อนสูง ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์จึงใช้ทำเป็นเครื่องมือตัดหรือหัวเจาะ ใช้ทำกระสุนเจาะเกราะ เครื่องมือผ่าตัด อุปกรณ์กีฬา เครื่องประดับและอื่น ๆ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
อ้างอิง
 
  1. Kurlov, p. 22
  2. Blau, Peter J. (2003). Wear of Materials. Elsevier. p. 1345. ISBN 978-0-08-044301-0.
  3. Pierson, Hugh O. (1992). Handbook of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): Principles, Technology, and Applications. William Andrew Inc. ISBN 0-8155-1300-3.
  4. Zhong, Y.; Shaw, L. (2011). 'A study on the synthesis of nanostructured WC–10 wt% Co particles from WO3 , Co3O4 , and graphite'. Journal of Materials Science 46 (19): 6323–6331. Bibcode:2011JMatS..46.6323Z. doi:10.1007/s10853-010-4937-y.
  5. Groover, Mikell P. (2010). Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-470-46700-8.
  6. Kurlov, p. 3
  7. Cardarelli, François (2008). Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 640–. ISBN 978-1-84628-669-8.
  8. Kurlov, pp. 30, 135
  9. Sprince, NL.; Chamberlin, RI.; Hales, CA.; Weber, AL.; Kazemi, H. (1984). 'Respiratory disease in tungsten carbide production workers'. Chest 86 (4): 549–557. PMID 6434250. doi:10.1378/chest.86.4.549.
  10. 12th Report on Carcinogens'. National Toxicology Program. http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/roc12. เรียกข้อมูลเมื่อ 2011-06-24.
ความคิดเห็น :
1051
อ้างอิง

nancychoprafun
High Profile Escorts services in Dehradun with Erotic Dehradun Call Girls
 
High Profile Escorts in Dehradun are ideal astounding at making the fun and accordingly, they are stunning with the positions and try Dehradun Escorts to give incredible work to the men. Extraordinary items offer a winded evening to their companion and they are Dehradun Escorts moreover precious for the service with a lengthy extend that is the organizations to the distant countries Dehradun escorts and notwithstanding some one of a kind outstations. Besides, they will moreover charge according to the service they've favoured to the men in need.
 
Dehradun Escorts services are set out at extra wide freedom of techniques that is the youthful females gives the mate to grown-up films and Dehradun Escorts moreover as a buddy for a significant time frame travelling and a lot of more else. What's extra, in this strategy regard every individual preview of your day with the escorts in Dehradun. Escort services in Dehradun are ideal under in a general sense the best specifications real association with the females. The more noteworthy perspective Dehradun Escorts of the model escorts in Dehradun like proposition the house help of their bettors and in transit, they attempt and start them to their bettors.
 
Dehradun High Profile Escort service by Dehradun escort is the momentous master in providing the satisfactory help of the ones who need them. They are the striking delights who attempt to offer the Dehradun Escorts the incredible energetic guide of their bettors. The more prominent part of the bettors likes to have the wonderful dinner with the Dehradun Escorts youthful females who're drawn in just as who's classy of their performance. What's more, moreover in the interim that region extra Dehradun Escorts frequently than not value outrageous chance of money for their organizations. They are additionally even Dehradun Escorts accessible among the morning hours times just as for the nights.
Dharamshala Escort Service | Haldwani Escort Service | Haridwar Escort Service | Jammu Escort Service | Ramnagar Escort Service | Ranikhet Escort Service | Rishikesh Escort Service | Roorkee Escort Service | Shimla Escort Service | Almora Escort Service | Amboli Escort Service | Bageshwar Escort Service | Bajpur Escort Service | Bhowali Escort Service | Chamba Escort Service | Chopta Escort Service | Dalhousie Escort Service | Darjeeling Escort Service | Dharamkot Escort Service | Dugadda Escort Service | Gopeshwar Escort Service | Gulmarg Escort Service | Horsley Hills Escort Service | Jaspur Escort Service | Jim Corbett Escort Service | Kasol Escort Service | Kausani Escort Service | Keylong Escort Service | Khatima Escort Service | Kichha Escort Service | Kirik Escort Service | Kufri Escort Service | Lansdowne Escort Service | Lavasa Escort Service | Mahabaleshwar Escort Service | Manali Escort Service | Manglaur Escort Service | Matheran Escort Service | Mcleodganj Escort Service | Mussoorie Escort Service | Nainital Escort Service | Narendranagar Escort Service | Ooty Escort Service | Pahalgam Escort Service | Panchgani Escort Service | Pauri Escort Service | Pithoragarh Escort Service | Pondicherry Escort Service | Rudraprayag Escort Service | Rudrapur Escort Service | Saputara Escort Service | Sitarganj Escort Service | Solan Escort Service | Srinagar Escort Service | Tanakpur Escort Service | Tehri Escort Service | Udhampur Escort Service | Uttarakhand Escort Service | Uttarkashi Escort Service | Vikasnagar Escort Service | Bhimtal Escort Service
 

Fill your isolation with Independent escorts in Dehradun

 
Independent escorts in Dehradun will show you the method for enjoying and like the real fulfilment of way of life. For this even-handed, you can choose their extraordinary meeting offices and make your evening broadly awesome that will become remarkable for you. Almost certainly, your master the world's sucking you as rushed timetable and testing meetings make you tired. In such circumstances, nothing can function admirably for you than the help given by the thin Uttarakhand escorts in Dehradun. They are astonishing to top off your isolation with loads of cherishing fun and truly like arrangements. The all-around dressed girls in the town realize well how to redirect your contemplations from the difficult circumstances and deal you some dynamite minutes of unwinding. Dehradun Escorts are ideal not just for their magnificent appearance and top way of life yet additionally for their supportive outlook. This is the adequate time when you should top off your isolation with fantastic mature fun.
Ranikhet Escort | Mcleodganj Escort | Rishikesh Escort | Ranikhet Escort | Nainital Escort | Haldwani Escort | Mussoorie Escort | Rudrapur Escort | Almora Escort | Una Escort | Solan Escort | Jammu Escort | Dharamshala Escort | Ramnagar Escort | Haridwar Escort
 
All things considered, who won't prefer to be with the sort of girls who can likewise give you a brilliant organization while meandering in and around the city? A GFE (Girl Friend Experience) Escort is caring, brilliant and open. She is consistently enthusiastic by sentiment and tease. The GFE Encounter is about circulated satisfaction in every other organization where a real loved association is framed. Your requesting escorts in Dehradun will be hotter and more freely ready than an incessant Escort while staying exquisite and agile. You won't experience like she offers trained professional, she presents a together wonderful high-level time experience. The GFE should be planned commonly. Assuming you need to ask; what do I uncover? You have confused the idea of the high-level class insight. Delight your life partner as you would some other sweetheart.
Almora Escorts Service | Bageshwar Escorts Service | Chamoli Escorts Service | Champawat Escorts Service | Haridwar Escorts Service | Nainital Escorts Service | Rishikesh Escorts Service | Roorkee Escorts Service | Haldwani Escorts Service | Rudrapur Escorts Service | Ramnagar Escorts Service | Khatima Escorts Service | Bhimtal Escorts Service | Mussoorie Escorts Service | Ranikhet Escorts Service
No incredible reason to stress eventually going with Dehradun Escorts the guide of there, considering that amigo is there to give you better. They're incredible companions so your occasions will move Dehradun Escorts expedient. Whether or not, it tends to be sites or character ventures, incline towards my fantastic organizations for making your Dehradun Escorts occasion all of the other energizing. We have a parcel of the board, so talk with them and get cognizant with regards to the executives furnished with Dehradun Escorts the guide of them. Aside from, greater interest for escorts in Dehradun; on the of a promising circumstance that you simply broaden then you can't benefit from their service.
 
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : http://www.nishinegi.com/dehradun-escorts/
nancychoprafun [111.223.27.xxx] เมื่อ 14/12/2021 09:47
1052
อ้างอิง

king kush
<a href ='https://herbapproach.org/product/king-kush-strain/'>king kush</a>
Thank you for the information. Amazing blog. Nice one!
 
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://herbapproach.org/product/king-kush-strain/
king kush [175.176.87.xxx] เมื่อ 14/12/2021 11:08
1053
อ้างอิง

Jennygupta
Mumbai Escort Call Girl female is to claim arousing entertaining
We square measure one in every one of the premier esteemed organization with an outsized upmarket person's base and take into account all or any or any capacities and events. For travelers, vacationers, financial specialists, party wizards and for organization of restrictive ladies we offer the broadest fluctuate of choices of Mumbai Escorts ladies. For your erotic fulfillment to the ideal level, we offer entryway ledge administration with our great religious community instructed young ladies and nonstop experienced help. on account of the amazingly fluctuate of sharing young ladies we tend to will generally relate degree as of now the board set up of the best choices as a Mumbai ladylike escort organization. For a really long time we tend to will more often than not square measure seat stamped set up of the best escort organizations of city working with administration for our position people. For your next travel or short keep Mumbai or for loosening up your faculties with exotic joys we offer entryway ledge administration to make your days inside the city extraordinary. we tend to will generally guarantee your fulfillment without limit and guarantee to make you're feeling looking for our young ladies.


 
<a href='https://www.ahmedabadescortss.com/mumbai-escorts.html'>Mumbai Escorts </a>
<a href='https://www.ahmedabadescortss.com/pune-escorts.html'>Pune Escorts </a>
<a href='https://www.ahmedabadescortss.com/indore-escorts.html'>Indore Escorts </a>
<a href='https://www.ahmedabadescortss.com/udaipur-escorts.html'>Udaipur Escorts </a>
<a href='https://www.ahmedabadescortss.com/ajmer-escorts.html'>Ajmer Escorts </a>
<a href='https://www.ahmedabadescortss.com/surat-escorts.html'>Surat Escorts </a>
 
Jennygupta [180.94.33.xxx] เมื่อ 14/12/2021 13:23
1054
อ้างอิง

Jennygupta
[URL=https://www.ahmedabadescortss.com/mumbai-escorts.html]Mumbai Escorts[/URL]
[URL=https://www.ahmedabadescortss.com/pune-escorts.html]Pune Escorts[/URL]
[URL=https://www.ahmedabadescortss.com/indore-escorts.html]Indore Escorts[/URL]
[URL=https://www.ahmedabadescortss.com/udaipur-escorts.html]Udaipur Escorts[/URL]
[URL=https://www.ahmedabadescortss.com/ajmer-escorts.html]Ajmer Escorts[/URL]
[URL=https://www.ahmedabadescortss.com/surat-escorts.html]Surat Escorts[/URL]
 
 
Jennygupta [180.94.33.xxx] เมื่อ 14/12/2021 13:24
1055
อ้างอิง

Saloni Rani
A man's interest in a woman stems primarily from his sex drive, at least at first. Young Delhi Escorts may believe that male praise is evidence of a man's eternal love. This is not always true. A more subtle or experienced woman may have a delay in showing her delay in finding out if a man's intentions are prolonged. There is a definite argument for a Delhi Escorts who makes a man initially wait for sex. Men give more importance to sex if they have to work for it. Sex acquired with difficulty makes a man feel more like a win as if a woman just leaves herself in front of him.
 
Saloni Rani [103.57.85.xxx] เมื่อ 14/12/2021 16:38
1056
อ้างอิง

Blue Cheese
Great blog. Thank you for sharing. Keep it up!
Blue Cheese
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : http://herbapproach.org/product/blue-cheese-strain/
Blue Cheese [175.176.87.xxx] เมื่อ 15/12/2021 02:22
1057
อ้างอิง

Shanzy
Lahore provides escorts with world-class females to provide real, Models, and romantic experiences. Seductress girls, our sexy models, and hot, attractive women that provide total pleasure to those in Pakistan are our strong hands that help us grow in our popularity with the public. Our Lahore call Girls services and escorts in Lahore have gained popularity due to the honest and stunning Cheap girls in Lahore that we are extremely proud of.
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://modelspakistan.com/call-girls-in-lahore/
Shanzy [103.150.209.xxx] เมื่อ 15/12/2021 20:19
1058
อ้างอิง

fally
To help you fulfill your sexual desires, these girls offer a simple way to contact them. If you're in the market for a sexy, hot girl in Karachi, you can discover a variety of options; however, if you're looking for an attractive Karachi escort with beautiful skin and a natural body, and a positive attitude, you will require an expert Karachi call girls service where you can locate all sorts of hot escorts in Karachi. You can also request skilled young ladies to escort you of your choice.
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://pakistanstars.com/karachi-escorts/
fally [103.150.209.xxx] เมื่อ 15/12/2021 20:20
1059
อ้างอิง

Priya Bhatt
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.topmumbaiescorts.net
Priya Bhatt [106.207.83.xxx] เมื่อ 16/12/2021 13:07
1060
อ้างอิง

cheap weed
 
I am glad to discover this page. I have to thank you for the time I spent on this especially great reading! I really liked each part and also bookmarked you for new information on your site.
cheap weed
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://herbapproach.org/product-category/cannabis-flower/budget-buds/
cheap weed [175.176.15.xxx] เมื่อ 16/12/2021 14:50
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778
ความคิดเห็นของผู้เข้าชม
ชื่อผู้แสดงความคิดเห็น :
สถานะ : รหัสผ่าน :
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง :
รหัสความปลอดภัย :