สถิติ
เปิดเมื่อ28/01/2015
อัพเดท10/11/2023
ผู้เข้าชม1699173
แสดงหน้า2158087
ปฎิทิน
April 2024
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
    
สมาชิก

สมัครสมาชิก | ลืมรหัสผ่าน

ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์

อ่าน 506507 | ตอบ 7778
ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์ (อังกฤษ: tungsten carbide) มีสูตรเคมีคือ WC ในรูปพื้นฐานจะมีลักษณะเป็นผงสีเทาละเอียด มี 2 โครงสร้างคือแบบหกเหลี่ยม (α-WC) และแบบลูกบาศก์ (β-WC)
 
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์เตรียมได้จากการทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนกับคาร์บอนที่อุณหภูมิ 1400–2000 °C[3] หรือให้ความร้อนกับทังสเตนไตรออกไซด์และแกรไฟต์โดยตรงที่ 900 °C หรือในแก๊สไฮโดรเจนที่ 670 °C ตามด้วยการคาร์บิวไรเซชันในแก๊สอาร์กอนที่ 1000 °C[4] หรือใช้วิธีการเคลือบด้วยไอเคมี เช่น
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะคลอไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและมีเทนที่อุณหภูมิ 670 °C (1,238 °F)
 WCl6 + H2 + CH4 WC + 6 HCl
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะฟลูออไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและเมทานอลที่อุณหภูมิ 350 °C (662 °F)
                WF6 + 2 H2 + CH3OH → WC + 6 HF + H2O
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีจุดหลอมเหลวที่ 2,870 °C (5,200 °F) และจุดเดือดที่ 6,000 °C (10,830 °F) มีความแข็งระดับ 9 ตามมาตราโมสและประมาณ 2600 ตามมาตราวิกเคอส์[5] ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีความแข็งเกร็งมากกว่าเหล็กกล้าประมาณ 2 เท่า มีค่ามอดุลัสของยังประมาณ 530–700 GPa (77,000–102,000 ksi)[2][6][5][7] โมดูลัสของแรงบีบอัด 630–655 GPa และโมดูลัสของแรงเฉือน 274 GPa[8]
 
ด้วยคุณสมบัติความแข็งและทนความร้อนสูง ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์จึงใช้ทำเป็นเครื่องมือตัดหรือหัวเจาะ ใช้ทำกระสุนเจาะเกราะ เครื่องมือผ่าตัด อุปกรณ์กีฬา เครื่องประดับและอื่น ๆ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
อ้างอิง
 
  1. Kurlov, p. 22
  2. Blau, Peter J. (2003). Wear of Materials. Elsevier. p. 1345. ISBN 978-0-08-044301-0.
  3. Pierson, Hugh O. (1992). Handbook of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): Principles, Technology, and Applications. William Andrew Inc. ISBN 0-8155-1300-3.
  4. Zhong, Y.; Shaw, L. (2011). 'A study on the synthesis of nanostructured WC–10 wt% Co particles from WO3 , Co3O4 , and graphite'. Journal of Materials Science 46 (19): 6323–6331. Bibcode:2011JMatS..46.6323Z. doi:10.1007/s10853-010-4937-y.
  5. Groover, Mikell P. (2010). Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-470-46700-8.
  6. Kurlov, p. 3
  7. Cardarelli, François (2008). Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 640–. ISBN 978-1-84628-669-8.
  8. Kurlov, pp. 30, 135
  9. Sprince, NL.; Chamberlin, RI.; Hales, CA.; Weber, AL.; Kazemi, H. (1984). 'Respiratory disease in tungsten carbide production workers'. Chest 86 (4): 549–557. PMID 6434250. doi:10.1378/chest.86.4.549.
  10. 12th Report on Carcinogens'. National Toxicology Program. http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/roc12. เรียกข้อมูลเมื่อ 2011-06-24.
ความคิดเห็น :
2390
อ้างอิง

click here
click hereonline slot games Which is popular as No. 1 now, deposit-withdraw via the auto system.
 
click here [124.122.27.xxx] เมื่อ 10/09/2022 14:01
2391
อ้างอิง

thc diamonds
Thanks for this valuable information you provide in your articles. Keep up the good work!
thc diamonds
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : http://cannabismo.org/thc-diamonds-where-potency-meets-purity/
thc diamonds [112.198.72.xxx] เมื่อ 10/09/2022 14:13
2392
อ้างอิง

Guwahati Escorts

Escorts Service in Guwahati - Cute & Crunchy To Relish

Are you in search or looking for the nice escort service in Guwahati neighborhood however not obtaining as you would like and need? Then, you're on the proper page as per your want and demand. we tend to thereby supply the most effective ever nepali escorts in Guwahati. If the sense of making love has been increasing in mind however you're not sorting out any, then this is often the time to settle on independent escorts in Guwahati.

VIP escorts in Guwahati would be one of the best mind refreshment is such a lot essential in these harsh days of labor pressure. Most times, the whole company sector and alternative business sectors want high concentration and physical labor. During this in the meantime, you have got to assume such a lot regarding the entire relaxation. However what's the way? making love will cause you to utterly relaxed by giving physical and mental comfort. So, Guwahati escorts will offer you the foremost amiable company and also the enjoyment of mind and body. The magical ability of the Guwahati decision ladies can for sure cause you to delighted.

Entertainment That You Simply Mustn't Miss

Men of any section of business or the company world or a run of the mill sex girl in Guwahati job holder can for sure suffer mental depression furthermore as physical lethargy at a time. We tend to men are such a lot dependable on obtaining love from the alternative gender. Therefore, you want to need to within the hay, love, make out, sleep with get laid, have sex, know do it be intimate have intercourse have it away have it off screw fuck, jazz|eff, hump|lie with bed have a go at it bang|get it on bonk copulate mate pair couple with the most effective ladies in the society. Making love with the nice girls in Guwahati can cause you to invigorated and relaxed.

Some men might say that they need wives so why they have to create love with a lady from escorts in Guwahati? However, there's another question what number men have nice girls in their making love bed? For sure a few! So, you would like to induce the corporate of the nice girls from the most effective Assamese escorts in Guwahati service providing agency like India.

Do You Have Associate In Nursing Odd Girl As A Partner?

Yes, this is often the nice matter of undeniable fact that most men don't get the important model escorts in Guwahati in their bed as their partner. Therefore, the person Indian agency is admittedly sad in his personal life obtaining Associate in nursing odd looking girl within the bed will for sure demand the nice girls from the Guwahati escorts service. We are always there to prepare your desired high profile escorts in Guwahati and never present the wrong one for you at your service. Here is our reliability concern and we never make ourselves keep in shadow in fulfilling the client need and requirement. We take pride in the sophisticated and excellent service for our extreme clients.

Cannot Your Partner Cause You To Happy?

It is a typical issue that each housewife escorts in Guwahati aren't similar in making love arts. when such a lot of coaching and directions they can not reach the last word position to create a person happy. Therefore, you would like to search out out the most effective Guwahati sex girl Indian agency are extremely charming and may cause you to happy from the core within. Therefore, this is often the time to search out out the most effective Guwahati escort and luxuriate in womb-to-tomb. We always try to make your mind enhanced to the lofty height of escort in Guwahati. Guwahati celebrity escorts are there with the top looking model escorts are in our collections. We always expand our business to providing classical service to all clients of every nook and corner of the Guwahati city, town, and state along with every part of India.

How Are You Able To Get The Nice Escorts In Guwahati?

You can avail independent VIP escorts in Guwahati by incall and outcall services. Yes, if you will, you'll, you'll be able to get your required college escorts in Guwahati at your required destination otherwise you can relish them at their sweet area for making love. You may be ready to relish all kinds of ladies that you simply need. All hot and model escorts are at our destination. we are going to even have the service of Russian escorts in Guwahati.

Therefore, for making your mind and body fully satisfied with our best Guwahati escorts service, please feel free to get in touch with us to enjoy your beat with your heart’s content. So, why are you waiting therefore long for Guwahati girl? Just get in touch with us to provides a decision and obtain your service in your Guwahati city.

 
Guwahati Escorts [223.235.224.xxx] เมื่อ 10/09/2022 15:59
2393
อ้างอิง

Guwahati Escorts

Escorts Service in Guwahati - Cute & Crunchy To Relish

Are you in search or looking for the nice escort service in Guwahati neighborhood however not obtaining as you would like and need? Then, you're on the proper page as per your want and demand. we tend to thereby supply the most effective ever nepali escorts in Guwahati. If the sense of making love has been increasing in mind however you're not sorting out any, then this is often the time to settle on independent escorts in Guwahati.

VIP escorts in Guwahati would be one of the best mind refreshment is such a lot essential in these harsh days of labor pressure. Most times, the whole company sector and alternative business sectors want high concentration and physical labor. During this in the meantime, you have got to assume such a lot regarding the entire relaxation. However what's the way? making love will cause you to utterly relaxed by giving physical and mental comfort. So, Guwahati escorts will offer you the foremost amiable company and also the enjoyment of mind and body. The magical ability of the Guwahati decision ladies can for sure cause you to delighted.

Entertainment That You Simply Mustn't Miss

Men of any section of business or the company world or a run of the mill sex girl in Guwahati job holder can for sure suffer mental depression furthermore as physical lethargy at a time. We tend to men are such a lot dependable on obtaining love from the alternative gender. Therefore, you want to need to within the hay, love, make out, sleep with get laid, have sex, know do it be intimate have intercourse have it away have it off screw fuck, jazz|eff, hump|lie with bed have a go at it bang|get it on bonk copulate mate pair couple with the most effective ladies in the society. Making love with the nice girls in Guwahati can cause you to invigorated and relaxed.

Some men might say that they need wives so why they have to create love with a lady from escorts in Guwahati? However, there's another question what number men have nice girls in their making love bed? For sure a few! So, you would like to induce the corporate of the nice girls from the most effective Assamese escorts in Guwahati service providing agency like India.

Do You Have Associate In Nursing Odd Girl As A Partner?

Yes, this is often the nice matter of undeniable fact that most men don't get the important model escorts in Guwahati in their bed as their partner. Therefore, the person Indian agency is admittedly sad in his personal life obtaining Associate in nursing odd looking girl within the bed will for sure demand the nice girls from the Guwahati escorts service. We are always there to prepare your desired high profile escorts in Guwahati and never present the wrong one for you at your service. Here is our reliability concern and we never make ourselves keep in shadow in fulfilling the client need and requirement. We take pride in the sophisticated and excellent service for our extreme clients.

Cannot Your Partner Cause You To Happy?

It is a typical issue that each housewife escorts in Guwahati aren't similar in making love arts. when such a lot of coaching and directions they can not reach the last word position to create a person happy. Therefore, you would like to search out out the most effective Guwahati sex girl Indian agency are extremely charming and may cause you to happy from the core within. Therefore, this is often the time to search out out the most effective Guwahati escort and luxuriate in womb-to-tomb. We always try to make your mind enhanced to the lofty height of escort in Guwahati. Guwahati celebrity escorts are there with the top looking model escorts are in our collections. We always expand our business to providing classical service to all clients of every nook and corner of the Guwahati city, town, and state along with every part of India.

How Are You Able To Get The Nice Escorts In Guwahati?

You can avail independent VIP escorts in Guwahati by incall and outcall services. Yes, if you will, you'll, you'll be able to get your required college escorts in Guwahati at your required destination otherwise you can relish them at their sweet area for making love. You may be ready to relish all kinds of ladies that you simply need. All hot and model escorts are at our destination. we are going to even have the service of Russian escorts in Guwahati.

Therefore, for making your mind and body fully satisfied with our best Guwahati escorts service, please feel free to get in touch with us to enjoy your beat with your heart’s content. So, why are you waiting therefore long for Guwahati girl? Just get in touch with us to provides a decision and obtain your service in your Guwahati city.

 
Guwahati Escorts [223.235.224.xxx] เมื่อ 10/09/2022 16:08
2394
อ้างอิง

here
hereall slot, we have included all the web slots here, the best online slot web site, newcomer of the year 2022
 
here [124.122.27.xxx] เมื่อ 10/09/2022 17:22
2395
อ้างอิง

here
hereall slot, we have included all the web slots here, the best online slot web site, newcomer of the year 2022
 
here [124.122.27.xxx] เมื่อ 10/09/2022 17:23
2396
อ้างอิง

here
hereIncluding web slot, auto deposit-withdrawal, no minimum One website can play more than 100 slot games
 
here [124.122.27.xxx] เมื่อ 10/09/2022 17:23
2397
อ้างอิง

here
hereThe number 1 most popular online slots in Asia, SLOT XO, our website comes with a system. automatic deposit-withdrawal
 
here [124.122.27.xxx] เมื่อ 10/09/2022 17:24
2398
อ้างอิง

here
hereThe No. 1 online slot website, Superslot888, is an online slot game provider that collects all camps.
 
here [124.122.27.xxx] เมื่อ 10/09/2022 17:24
2399
อ้างอิง

here
heredirect online slot Not through a joker agent, direct website, deposit-withdraw, no minimum, quality online gambling website that has received international standards.
 
here [124.122.27.xxx] เมื่อ 10/09/2022 17:24
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779
ความคิดเห็นของผู้เข้าชม
ชื่อผู้แสดงความคิดเห็น :
สถานะ : รหัสผ่าน :
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง :
รหัสความปลอดภัย :