สถิติ
เปิดเมื่อ28/01/2015
อัพเดท19/06/2024
ผู้เข้าชม2243689
แสดงหน้า2760204
ปฎิทิน
December 2024
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
    
สมาชิก

สมัครสมาชิก | ลืมรหัสผ่าน

ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์

อ่าน 756441 | ตอบ 8456
ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์ (อังกฤษ: tungsten carbide) มีสูตรเคมีคือ WC ในรูปพื้นฐานจะมีลักษณะเป็นผงสีเทาละเอียด มี 2 โครงสร้างคือแบบหกเหลี่ยม (α-WC) และแบบลูกบาศก์ (β-WC)
 
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์เตรียมได้จากการทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนกับคาร์บอนที่อุณหภูมิ 1400–2000 °C[3] หรือให้ความร้อนกับทังสเตนไตรออกไซด์และแกรไฟต์โดยตรงที่ 900 °C หรือในแก๊สไฮโดรเจนที่ 670 °C ตามด้วยการคาร์บิวไรเซชันในแก๊สอาร์กอนที่ 1000 °C[4] หรือใช้วิธีการเคลือบด้วยไอเคมี เช่น
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะคลอไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและมีเทนที่อุณหภูมิ 670 °C (1,238 °F)
 WCl6 + H2 + CH4 WC + 6 HCl
  • ทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่างทังสเตนเฮกซะฟลูออไรด์กับไฮโดรเจนและเมทานอลที่อุณหภูมิ 350 °C (662 °F)
                WF6 + 2 H2 + CH3OH → WC + 6 HF + H2O
       ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีจุดหลอมเหลวที่ 2,870 °C (5,200 °F) และจุดเดือดที่ 6,000 °C (10,830 °F) มีความแข็งระดับ 9 ตามมาตราโมสและประมาณ 2600 ตามมาตราวิกเคอส์[5] ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์มีความแข็งเกร็งมากกว่าเหล็กกล้าประมาณ 2 เท่า มีค่ามอดุลัสของยังประมาณ 530–700 GPa (77,000–102,000 ksi)[2][6][5][7] โมดูลัสของแรงบีบอัด 630–655 GPa และโมดูลัสของแรงเฉือน 274 GPa[8]
 
ด้วยคุณสมบัติความแข็งและทนความร้อนสูง ทังสเตนคาร์ไบด์จึงใช้ทำเป็นเครื่องมือตัดหรือหัวเจาะ ใช้ทำกระสุนเจาะเกราะ เครื่องมือผ่าตัด อุปกรณ์กีฬา เครื่องประดับและอื่น ๆ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
อ้างอิง
 
  1. Kurlov, p. 22
  2. Blau, Peter J. (2003). Wear of Materials. Elsevier. p. 1345. ISBN 978-0-08-044301-0.
  3. Pierson, Hugh O. (1992). Handbook of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): Principles, Technology, and Applications. William Andrew Inc. ISBN 0-8155-1300-3.
  4. Zhong, Y.; Shaw, L. (2011). 'A study on the synthesis of nanostructured WC–10 wt% Co particles from WO3 , Co3O4 , and graphite'. Journal of Materials Science 46 (19): 6323–6331. Bibcode:2011JMatS..46.6323Z. doi:10.1007/s10853-010-4937-y.
  5. Groover, Mikell P. (2010). Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing: Materials, Processes, and Systems. John Wiley & Sons. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-470-46700-8.
  6. Kurlov, p. 3
  7. Cardarelli, François (2008). Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 640–. ISBN 978-1-84628-669-8.
  8. Kurlov, pp. 30, 135
  9. Sprince, NL.; Chamberlin, RI.; Hales, CA.; Weber, AL.; Kazemi, H. (1984). 'Respiratory disease in tungsten carbide production workers'. Chest 86 (4): 549–557. PMID 6434250. doi:10.1378/chest.86.4.549.
  10. 12th Report on Carcinogens'. National Toxicology Program. http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/roc12. เรียกข้อมูลเมื่อ 2011-06-24.
ความคิดเห็น :
5578
อ้างอิง

먹튀365 먹튀검증사이트
this is an exquisite detail for sharing this useful message. I am dazzled by using the facts you have got on this weblog. It causes me from a couple of points of view. A debt of gratitude is in order for posting this yet again. Very informative submit! There is lots of information right here which could help any enterprise get began with a successful social networking marketing campaign. You made such an exciting piece to examine, giving every situation enlightenment for us to gain information. Thank you for sharing the such records with us to study this... I in reality like your weblog. Incredible article. It is maximum evident, human beings should analyze earlier than they may be capable of .
먹튀365 먹튀검증사이트

 
먹튀365 먹튀검증사이트 [182.182.119.xxx] เมื่อ 27/07/2023 18:10
5579
อ้างอิง

aam

<a href='https://chat.openai.com/'> href </a>
[url=https://chat.openai.com/]bb code[/url] bb
https://chat.openai.com/  url
anchor   


 
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.google.com/
aam [122.161.53.xxx] เมื่อ 27/07/2023 18:27
5580
อ้างอิง

amma
<a href='https://chat.openai.com/'> href </a>
[url=https://chat.openai.com/]bb code[/url] bb
https://chat.openai .com/   url
anchor  
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.google.com/
amma [122.161.53.xxx] เมื่อ 27/07/2023 18:29
5581
อ้างอิง

메이저사이트
i just couldn’t go away your website previous to suggesting that i extraordinarily enjoyed the same old data someone provide to your site visitors? Is gonna be returned regularly to test up on new posts . I’ve been browsing on-line more than 3 hours in recent times, however i in no way determined any interesting article like yours. It's miles pretty price enough for me. In my view, if all web page owners and bloggers made exact content cloth as you in all likelihood did, the net will be a great deal extra beneficial than ever before. This website changed into… how do i say it? Applicable!! Finally i have located some thing which helped me. Thank you lots!
메이저사이트
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.avimograbi.com/
메이저사이트 [182.182.119.xxx] เมื่อ 27/07/2023 18:35
5582
อ้างอิง

aaam
I absolutely love Solely Natural! It's my go-to online store for all things spices, nuts, and dry fruits.
https://www.solelynaturalz.in/product/solely-naturalz-w240-cashew-nuts/
https://www.solelynaturalz.in/product/solely-naturalz-w320-cashew-nuts/
https://www.solelynaturalz.in/product/solely-naturalz-indian-long-raisins/
https://www.solelynaturalz.in/product/solely-naturalz-indian-round-raisins/

Solely Naturalz Afghani Round Raisins,Solely Naturalz Afghani Round Raisins cost,Solely Naturalz Afghani Round Raisins price,Buy Solely Naturalz Afghani Round Raisins,Solely Naturalz Afghani Round Raisins online,Solely Naturalz Afghani Round Raisins online in India,    Solely Naturalz Afghani Long Green Raisins,Solely Naturalz Afghani Long Green Raisins cost,Solely Naturalz Afghani Long Green Raisins prices,Buy Solely Naturalz Afghani Long Green Raisins,Solely Naturalz Afghani Long Green Raisins online,Solely Naturalz Afghani Long Green Raisins online in India,   Solely Naturalz Gurbandi Almonds,Solely Naturalz Gurbandi Almonds cost,Solely Naturalz Gurbandi Almonds price,buy Solely Naturalz Gurbandi Almonds,Solely Naturalz Gurbandi Almonds online,Solely Naturalz Gurbandi Almonds online in India,  Solely Naturalz Mamra Almonds,Solely Naturalz Mamra Almonds cost,Solely Naturalz Mamra Almonds price,Buy Solely Naturalz Mamra Almonds,Solely Naturalz Mamra Almonds online,Solely Naturalz Mamra Almonds online in India,   Solely Naturalz California Almonds,Solely Naturalz California Almonds cost,Solely Naturalz California Almonds price
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : https://www.google.com/
aaam [122.161.53.xxx] เมื่อ 27/07/2023 18:40
5583
อ้างอิง

randy bee

The California branch of Garuda Airlines California Office is staffed by a group of professional and informed travel experts. They are the best people to create your schedule, recommend local experiences, and respond to any questions you may have regarding your trip because they have an in-depth knowledge of Indonesia's variety of possibilities.

 
 
randy bee [223.178.211.xxx] เมื่อ 27/07/2023 18:48
5584
อ้างอิง

Mf_ Itcompany
We believe that you don’t wish to get a result that every other business holds through digital marketing in Mohali. You wish to get the best result And that is where Media Foster can help you out. We never give a parallel result like other businesses. But we always offer unparalleled and profitable results for your business. Media Foster always charges reasonable giving clients access to every detail about their work. We assure you of better traffic than your competitors. 
 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : http://www.mediafoster.in
Mf_ Itcompany [124.253.89.xxx] เมื่อ 27/07/2023 18:53
5585
อ้างอิง

토토마트 토토검증업체
d research ... It's a tremendous post .. Maintain posting and updating statistics. I will see which you are an professional at your discipline! I'm launching a website quickly,토토마트 토토검증업체

 
토토마트 토토검증업체 [182.182.119.xxx] เมื่อ 27/07/2023 19:36
5586
อ้างอิง

토토마트 토토검증업체
'first rate facts sharing .. I'm very glad to have a look at this article .. Thanks for giving us go through data. Great exquisite. I recognize this put up. I immoderate respect this put up. It’s tough to lo'' . 
Remarkable article, it is particularly useful! I quietly began in this, and I'm becoming more acquainted with it better! Delights, keep doing more and extra impressive . 
Really impressed! Everything is very open and very clear clarification of issues. It contains truly facts. Your website is very valuable. Thanks for sharing.'토토마트 토토검증업체
 
토토마트 토토검증업체 [182.182.119.xxx] เมื่อ 27/07/2023 19:38
5587
อ้างอิง

Muskan Patel

Vadodara Escorts provide a warm and considerate welcome to all of their clients. A bunch of independent call ladies from North India offers excellent escort services in Vadodara at very affordable rates. I'm a young woman from the north of India named Muskan Patel, and I've been living in Vadodara for the past year. I'm staying here with my family. Vadodara is a lovely city. Marathi has benefits. In a nutshell, I adore it.


There are beaches in Vadodara, including the longest urban natural beach. It is the longest beach in India and the second-largest beach in the entire world. kotna is everyone's favorite beach due to the crystal-clear water and spicy local cuisine. In Vadodara, Bollywood films are made. Indians and foreign tourists alike commonly travel to Vadodara. The previous name of Maharashtra's state capital was Vadodara. Our female escorts in Vadodara provide erotic services with pure joy. For this reason, we have always maintained our position as Vadodara's top-rated, independent escort service.


High-profile models improve Vadodara Escorts Service. We strive to please our customers. Our Vadodara teenage call girls are important. If you're unhappy with our services, we'll handle a refund immediately away. Please browse the website's gallery to find the perfect woman for you. Our stunning escorts in Vadodara fulfill your wishes. Both Indian and foreign call girls are accessible in Vadodara for a dinner date. You can fulfill all of your sexual fantasies by using one of our Russian escorts in Vadodara. Spend less money to get more. We are accessible every day of the year, 365 days a year. You can expect escorts from Vadodara, which is free of sickness.


Discover What You Need, Per the Selected Girl

 

Vadodara Escorts Service Vadodara Escorts Service Vadodara Escorts Service Vadodara Escorts Service Vadodara Escorts Service Vadodara  Escorts Service Vadodara Escorts Service Vadodara Escorts Service Vadodara Escorts Service Vadodara Escorts Service  Ahmedabad Escorts Ahmedabad Escorts Ahmedabad Escorts Ahmedabad Escorts Ahmedabad Escorts Ahmedabad Escorts Ahmedabad Escorts Ahmedabad Escorts Ahmedabad Escorts Ahmedabad Escorts Bhavnagar Escorts Bhavnagar Escorts Bhavnagar Escorts Bhavnagar Escorts Bhavnagar Escorts Bhavnagar Escorts Bhavnagar Escorts Bhavnagar Escorts Bhavnagar Escorts Bhavnagar Escorts

 

The Whatsapp number for GFE call girls.


We give our customers direct access to our Vadodara Call Girls WhatsApp numbers for a better experience. Don't be hesitant to ask any queries you may have about Vadodara escorts. Our intention is to help you. In Vadodara, we solely work with independent women. They don't collaborate with any other escort agencies. Our vivacious Vadodara escort girls are exceptionally hygienic and pure. Before and after each meeting, they always take a bath. Our call girls in Vadodara provide economical casual dating services with love and attention.


Please get in touch with us whenever you want to relax. We offer a selection of escort girls wherever you are in Vadodara. Our independent model women provide the top one-night stand services in Vadodara. According to client testimonials, we are currently Vadodara's best escort service provider. Most people in Vadodara like to hang out with north Indian women. We, therefore, have 80% of north Indian escort girls who, upon request, offer renowned escort services in Vadodara. These days, it's really challenging to find a Vadodara Escort Girl's WhatsApp number or any other social media details.


We offer amazing chances to our clientele. Before booking one of our Vadodara call girls, phone, or chat to discuss your needs. Only order when you feel comfortable doing so. Never is anyone forced to use our services. However, we still have a lot of repeat customers since we have put together the best group of Vadodara's female escorts to meet your sexual desires. Contact Muskan Patel Call Girl Vadodara if you're looking for a college girl escort's mobile or WhatsApp number for some fun. Our Vadodara angry housewife escorts will approach you and give you a passionate kiss. For our Russian escort in Vadodara, you are the object of his or her sexual desire.

 
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง : http://www.projectstrindberg.com/read/muskan-patel/mount-abu-escorts-service/1671811816
Muskan Patel [223.179.131.xxx] เมื่อ 27/07/2023 23:36
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484485486487488489490491492493494495496497498499500501502503504505506507508509510511512513514515516517518519520521522523524525526527528529530531532533534535536537538539540541542543544545546547548549550551552553554555556557558559560561562563564565566567568569570571572573574575576577578579580581582583584585586587588589590591592593594595596597598599600601602603604605606607608609610611612613614615616617618619620621622623624625626627628629630631632633634635636637638639640641642643644645646647648649650651652653654655656657658659660661662663664665666667668669670671672673674675676677678679680681682683684685686687688689690691692693694695696697698699700701702703704705706707708709710711712713714715716717718719720721722723724725726727728729730731732733734735736737738739740741742743744745746747748749750751752753754755756757758759760761762763764765766767768769770771772773774775776777778779780781782783784785786787788789790791792793794795796797798799800801802803804805806807808809810811812813814815816817818819820821822823824825826827828829830831832833834835836837838839840841842843844845846847
ความคิดเห็นของผู้เข้าชม
ชื่อผู้แสดงความคิดเห็น :
สถานะ : รหัสผ่าน :
ลิงค์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง :
รหัสความปลอดภัย :